Genetic Mutations - General Science & General Esoterism - Non-Elaborate Posts - Post 3

 

 

Point mutations involve changes at a single nucleotide base pair in the DNA sequence. These mutations can be further categorized into substitutions, insertions, and deletions. Substitutions involve replacing one nucleotide with another, while insertions and deletions involve adding or removing nucleotides, respectively.

Frameshift mutations, caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides that are not multiples of three, are particularly impactful. Because the genetic code is read in triplets (codons), adding or removing a single nucleotide shifts the reading frame, altering the sequence of amino acids in the resulting protein. This often leads to a nonfunctional protein or a truncated protein.

Larger-scale mutations, such as chromosomal rearrangements, can also occur. These include inversions (where a segment of a chromosome is flipped), translocations (where a segment of a chromosome moves to another chromosome), and deletions or duplications of large segments of DNA.

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